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Can intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin reduce recurrence in patients with non-muscle invasive bladdercancer?

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 241-249 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0328-0

摘要：

Approximately 70% of newly diagnosed bladder tumors are non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). NMIBC accounts for approximately 80% of total bladder cancer cases. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillation and maintenance is considered as the standard adjuvant treatment for superficial bladder cancer. A number of randomized studies have focused on the benefit of maintenance therapy following initial BCG induction. To provide further insights into the effect of intravesical instillation on recurrence in patients with NMIBC, we analyzed this relationship by conducting an updated detailed meta-analysis. Evidence suggested that adjuvant intravesical BCG with maintenance treatment is significantly effective for the prophylaxis of tumor recurrence in patients with NMIBC.

关键词： non-muscle invasive bladder cancer     bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)     meta-analysis    

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Study of recombinant human IFN-α-2b bacilli Calmette–Guerin activated killer cells and against bladdercancer cell in vitro

FAN Xiaodong, HAN Ruifa

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 377-380 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0073-8

摘要： Presently, one of the most potent immunotherapies is the application of bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) to prevent recurrences of the superficial bladder cancer. Despite its successful use, nonresponders and certain side effects remain a major obstacle. Therefore, current studies aim at developing recombinant BCG (rBCG) strains secreting Th1-like cytokines to improve the effectiveness of the therapy. In this study, a new type of rBCG strain constructed by Tianjin institute of Urology was tested for its immunostimulatory capacity . Peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) were stimulated by recombinant BCG and transformed into bacilli Calmette–Guerin activated killer (BAK) cells, and the effect of anticancer BAK cells was studied. Recombinant IFN--2b-BCG, wild-type BCG (wBCG), wild-type BCG and IFN--2b were coincubated with PBMCs respectively , and the proliferation of PBMC was detected with MTT in different time. BAK cells have the ability to kill bladder tumor cells, and the antitumor activity of effecter cells was determined by LDH release assay. The result of MTT showed that the proliferation of PBMC in the recombinant BCG group was more powerful than in the other two groups (<0.05). The result of LDH release assay showed that the antitumor activity of BAK cells stimulated by Recombinant BCG was the highest in all groups. We conclude that the recombinant BCG can activate more PBMCs to anti-bladder cancer than wild-type BCG does.

关键词： Urology     powerful     2b-BCG     Tianjin institute     wild-type    

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Non-invasive continuous blood pressure monitoring: a review of current applications

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 91-101 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0239-5

摘要：

Blood pressure monitoring has come a long way from the initial observations made by Reverend Hales in the 18th century. There are none that deny the importance of monitoring perioperative blood pressure; however, the limited ability of the current prevalent technology (oscillometric blood pressure monitoring) to offer continuous blood pressure measurements leaves room for improvement. Invasive monitoring is able to detect beat-to-beat blood pressure measurement, but the risks inherent to the procedure make it unsuitable for routine use except when this risk is outweighed by the benefits. This review focuses on the discoveries which have led up to the current blood pressure monitoring technologies, and especially the creation of those offering non-invasive but continuous blood pressure monitoring capabilities, including their methods of measurement and limitations.

关键词： non-invasive blood pressure monitoring     continuous blood pressure monitoring     invasive blood pressure monitoring     Riva-Rocci technique     oscillometric     Pe?áz technique     arterial tonometry     pulse transit time    

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Deep convolutional neural network for multi-level non-invasive tunnel lining assessment

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 214-223 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0800-2

摘要： In recent years, great attention has focused on the development of automated procedures for infrastructures control. Many efforts have aimed at greater speed and reliability compared to traditional methods of assessing structural conditions. The paper proposes a multi-level strategy, designed and implemented on the basis of periodic structural monitoring oriented to a cost- and time-efficient tunnel control plan. Such strategy leverages the high capacity of convolutional neural networks to identify and classify potential critical situations. In a supervised learning framework, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) profiles and the revealed structural phenomena have been used as input and output to train and test such networks. Image-based analysis and integrative investigations involving video-endoscopy, core drilling, jacking and pull-out testing have been exploited to define the structural conditions linked to GPR profiles and to create the database. The degree of detail and accuracy achieved in identifying a structural condition is high. As a result, this strategy appears of value to infrastructure managers who need to reduce the amount and invasiveness of testing, and thus also to reduce the time and costs associated with inspections made by highly specialized technicians.

关键词： concrete structure     GPR     damage classification     convolutional neural network     transfer learning    

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Application of the invasive weed optimization algorithm to economic dispatch problems

T. JAYABARATHI, Afshin YAZDANI, V. RAMESH

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 255-259 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0202-1

摘要： In this paper the invasive weed optimization algorithm has been applied to a variety of economic dispatch (ED) problems. The ED problem is concerned with minimizing the fuel cost by optimally loading the electrical generators which are committed to supply a given demand. Some involve prohibited operating zones, transmission losses and valve point loading. In general, they are non-linear non-convex optimization problems which cannot be directly solved by conventional methods. In this work the invasive weed algorithm, a meta-heuristic method inspired by the proliferation of weeds, has been applied to four numerical examples and has resulted in promising solutions compared to published results.

关键词： economic dispatch (ED)     invasive weed optimization     non-convexity     prohibited operating zones (POZ)     valve point loading     meta-heuristic    

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Bevacizumab in combination with pemetrexed and platinum for elderly patients with advanced non-squamousnon-small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective analysis

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期   页码 610-617 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0827-8

摘要： Bevacizumab, an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, has significantly improved the clinical outcomes of patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC (ns-NSCLC). However, the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab for elderly patients with advanced NSCLC require further investigation. Thus, 59 patients were included in the present retrospective study, 22 patients in the bevacizumab plus pemetrexed and platinum (B+PP) group, and 37 patients in the pemetrexed and platinum (PP) group. For the entire cohort of patients, the median OS was 33.3 months, and the 1-year and 2-year overall survival rates were 88.5% and 67.8%, respectively. The median OS and 1-year and 2-year OS rates were 20.5 months, 70.3% and 0%, respectively, in the B+PP group and 33.4 months, 97.0% and 89.4%, respectively, in the PP group (P <0.001). The incidence of grade≥3 adverse events was higher in the B+PP group than in the PP group (27.3% vs. 10.8%, respectively; P=0.204). Univariate and multivariate analyses suggested that the receipt of≥5 cycles of first-line chemotherapy was an independent favorable prognostic factor for OS, whereas the addition of bevacizumab was an unfavorable prognostic factor. With increased toxicities, the addition of bevacizumab to PP does not improve the overall survival of elderly patients with advanced ns-NSCLC.

关键词： bevacizumab     elderly patient     advanced non-small-cell lung cancer     overall survival     toxicity    

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Treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer with driver mutations: current applications and future

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 18-42 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0976-4

摘要： With the improved understanding of driver mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), expanding the targeted therapeutic options improved the survival and safety. However, responses to these agents are commonly temporary and incomplete. Moreover, even patients with the same oncogenic driver gene can respond diversely to the same agent. Furthermore, the therapeutic role of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in oncogene-driven NSCLC remains unclear. Therefore, this review aimed to classify the management of NSCLC with driver mutations based on the gene subtype, concomitant mutation, and dynamic alternation. Then, we provide an overview of the resistant mechanism of target therapy occurring in targeted alternations (“target-dependent resistance”) and in the parallel and downstream pathways (“target-independent resistance”). Thirdly, we discuss the effectiveness of ICIs for NSCLC with driver mutations and the combined therapeutic approaches that might reverse the immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment. Finally, we listed the emerging treatment strategies for the new oncogenic alternations, and proposed the perspective of NSCLC with driver mutations. This review will guide clinicians to design tailored treatments for NSCLC with driver mutations.

关键词： non-small cell lung cancer     driver mutations     treatment strategy     resistant mechanism     immune-checkpoint inhibitors    

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Molecular classification of non-small-cell lung cancer: diagnosis, individualized treatment, and prognosis

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 157-171 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0272-4

摘要：

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of premature death among the malignant diseases worldwide. The current staging criteria do not fully capture the complexity of this disease. Molecular biology techniques, particularly gene expression microarrays, proteomics, and next-generation sequencing, have recently been developed to facilitate effectively its molecular classification. The underlying etiology, pathogenesis, therapeutics, and prognosis of NSCLC based on an improved molecular classification scheme may promote individualized treatment and improve clinical outcomes. This review focuses on the molecular classification of NSCLC based on gene expression microarray technology reported during the past decade, as well as their applications for improving the diagnosis, staging and treatment of NSCLC, including the discovery of prognostic markers or potential therapeutic targets. We highlight some of the recent studies that may refine the identification of NSCLC subtypes using novel techniques such as epigenetics, proteomics, or deep sequencing.

关键词： non-small-cell lung cancer     molecular typing     individualized medicine     molecular-targeted therapy     gene expression profiling    

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Molecular markers and pathogenically targeted therapy in non-small cell lung cancer

Bo PENG BA , Jinnong ZHANG MD , Jamile S. WOODS MD , Wei PENG MD, PhD

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 245-255 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0044-3

摘要： Lung cancer is one of the most common human cancers and the number one cancer killer in the United States. In general, lung cancer includes small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but NSCLC accounts for approximately 90% of lung cancer. The early diagnosis and therapy of lung cancer still presents a big challenge because validated screening tools, which can improve current early detection to reduce mortality from lung cancer, do not exist. Over the last decade, molecular genetic abnormalities have been described in NSCLC, including chromosomal aberrations, overexpression of oncogenes, and deletion and/or mutations in tumor suppressor genes. These molecular markers in NSCLC demonstrated close associations with the development of lung cancer such as Ras, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, or c-erbB-1), HER2 (c-erbB-2), c-Met, and Bcl-2. Therefore, this information may be applied for early cancer detection, classification, novel targeted therapy, and prognosis in NSCLC. Recent clinical data have revealed that targeted therapy might be the second-line therapy as an alternative approach. Currently, the targeted therapies are mainly focused on two lung cancer pathways, the EGFR and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways. Some clinical trials are very encouraging, but some of them are not. However, these trials have not identified a subgroup of NSCLC with biomarkers. Therefore, it is very important to select NSCLC patients with biomarkers to match targeted agents so that we can further identify effectiveness of targeted therapy in the future.

关键词： lung cancer     carcinoma     non-small cell lung cancer     molecular markers     targeted therapy    

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chemotherapy versus adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy after radical surgery for early-stage cervical cancer: a randomized, non-inferiority, multicenter trial

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 93-104 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0892-z

摘要： We conducted a prospective study to assess the non-inferiority of adjuvant chemotherapy alone versus adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) as an alternative strategy for patients with early-stage (FIGO 2009 stage IB–IIA) cervical cancer having risk factors after surgery. The condition was assessed in terms of prognosis, adverse effects, and quality of life. This randomized trial involved nine centers across China. Eligible patients were randomized to receive adjuvant chemotherapy or CCRT after surgery. The primary end-point was progression-free survival (PFS). From December 2012 to December 2014, 337 patients were subjected to randomization. Final analysis included 329 patients, including 165 in the adjuvant chemotherapy group and 164 in the adjuvant CCRT group. The median follow-up was 72.1 months. The three-year PFS rates were both 91.9%, and the five-year OS was 90.6% versus 90.0% in adjuvant chemotherapy and CCRT groups, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the PFS or OS between groups. The adjusted HR for PFS was 0.854 (95% confidence interval 0.415–1.757; P = 0.667) favoring adjuvant chemotherapy, excluding the predefined non-inferiority boundary of 1.9. The chemotherapy group showed a tendency toward good quality of life. In comparison with post-operative adjuvant CCRT, adjuvant chemotherapy treatment showed non-inferior efficacy in patients with early-stage cervical cancer having pathological risk factors. Adjuvant chemotherapy alone is a favorable alternative post-operative treatment.

关键词： chemotherapy     cervical cancer     lymph node metastasis     concurrent chemoradiotherapy     quality of life    

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超声血流的无创伤检测和医学信号的特征提取

王威琪,汪源源,余建国,吴晓峰,刘斌,张羽,陈斯中,仪艳华,邵谦明

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第2期   页码 52-64

摘要：

人体信号是随机性和背景噪声都很强的复杂信号。文章首先研究了利用超声Doppler技术定量检测血流速度的方法，然后将一些现代信息处理中的新理论、新方法引入医学超声的信息处理，为医学超声信息的特征提取提供了新的手段。这些理论包括：分形、数学形态学、数量化、小波变换、极点轨迹和血管传输线模型等。文章最后阐述了利用上述新方法作为技术核心而研制的三套应用系统；肺动脉血液动力学参数的无损估测系统、彩色编码的声谱系统和超声血流定量检测系统。

关键词： 超声血流     医学信号     无创伤检测     特征提取    

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Dynamics analysis of bladder-urethra system based on CFD

Qinghua JIN, Xiaojun ZHANG, Xiaoyang LI, Jianliu WANG,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第5卷 第3期   页码 336-340 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0027-8

摘要： A mathematical model for a bladder-urethra system can provide basic analysis for the disabled urethra closure of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) patients in a clinic. Based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), we developed a three-dimensional urodynamic bladder-urethra system, which includes bladder, bladder neck, prostate, and urethra. The realistic recirculation process of the urinary bladder during the physiologic voiding process in conjunction with a flow simulation through the female urinary bladder and urethra is presented. The computational results show that a dead-water zone and the zone of secondary flow occur, independent of the shape of the prostatic urethra. For the pathological prostata, the extreme constriction of the prostatic urethra results in an additional wide-stretched dead-water zone. The simulation results does not only improve urinary incontinence surgery for clinicians, but can also provide a basis for theoretical analysis.

关键词： bladder-urethra system     stress urinary incontinence (SUI)     computational fluid dynamics (CFD)     urodynamics    

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The clinicopathologic features of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas

QIN Xinyu, LIU Fenglin

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 121-125 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0023-5

摘要： Since first described in 1982, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) has been the preferred term to describe the proliferation of the pancreatic ductal epithelium. It is totally different from pancreatic carcinoma in epi demiology, histology, pathology and prognosis. According to the site of involvement, IPMNs are classified into three categories, i.e. main duct type, branch duct type, and combined type. Most branch duct IPMNs are benign, whereas the other two types are often malignant. A large branch duct IPMN and marked dilation of the main pancreatic duct indicate the presence of adenoma at least. The additional existence of large mural nodules increases the possibility of malignancy in all types. The prognosis is more favorable after complete resection of benign and non-invasive malignant IPMNs. Malignant IPMNs that become more aggressive after parenchymal invasion necessitate adequate lymph node dissection. On the other hand, asymptomatic branch duct IPMNs without mural nodules can be observed without the need for resection for a considerable period of time. Our review addresses available data, current understanding, controversy, and future directions about IPMNs.

关键词： available     additional existence     necessitate     intraductal papillary     non-invasive    

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Expression of Syk in non-small cell lung cancer and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters

Fen LAN, Shengdao XIONG, Weining XIONG, Guopeng XU, Xiaoxia LU

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 41-44 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0009-6

摘要： This study aims to research the expression of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the relationship between Syk and clinicopathologic factors and p53. Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the expression of Syk and p53 protein in 39 cases of NSCLC (23 cases of lung squamous cell cancer, 16 cases of lung adenocarcinoma) and tumor-surrounding normal lung tissues. The positive rate of Syk was 46.15% (18/39) and 100% (39/39) in NSCLC and tumor-surrounding normal lung tissues, respectively. The expression level of Syk in NSCLC was significantly lower than that in tumor-surrounding normal lung tissues ( = 0.000). The Syk expression was positively correlated withthe p53 expression in NSCLC specimens ( = 0.025). There was no significant association between Syk expression and lymph node metastasis, differentiation degree, tumor size and tumor node metastasis (TNM). The present study demonstrated that Syk was aberrantly expressed in the NSCLC and might have a significant impact on tumor growth and progression.

关键词： Syk kinase     carcinoma     non-small-cell lung     tumor suppressor protein p53    

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肺动脉压无创伤估测系统及其应用价值研究

王威琪,陈树宝,汪源源,刘斌,张玉奇,余建国,孙锟,陈斯中

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第1期   页码 41-46

摘要：

肺动脉压是临床诊断、生理研究的一项重要指标，常规采用有创伤的心导管术测量。文章提出了一种基于超声和心电的无创伤估测方法，研制了肺动脉压无创伤估测系统。文中报告了所用的关键技术要点，动物实验和临床试用。所用的关键技术是小波变换降噪；新型百分比法提取声谱包络；小波变换识别定位超声；心电信号特征点。经9条狗的动物实验和60例临床试用，与心导管术相关性在80%以上。

关键词： 肺动脉压     无创伤估测     小波变换     降噪     包络     特征点    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Can intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin reduce recurrence in patients with non-muscle invasive bladdercancer?

null

期刊论文

Study of recombinant human IFN-α-2b bacilli Calmette–Guerin activated killer cells and against bladdercancer cell in vitro

FAN Xiaodong, HAN Ruifa

期刊论文

Non-invasive continuous blood pressure monitoring: a review of current applications

null

期刊论文

Deep convolutional neural network for multi-level non-invasive tunnel lining assessment

期刊论文

Application of the invasive weed optimization algorithm to economic dispatch problems

T. JAYABARATHI, Afshin YAZDANI, V. RAMESH

期刊论文

Bevacizumab in combination with pemetrexed and platinum for elderly patients with advanced non-squamousnon-small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective analysis

期刊论文

Treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer with driver mutations: current applications and future

期刊论文

Molecular classification of non-small-cell lung cancer: diagnosis, individualized treatment, and prognosis

null

期刊论文

Molecular markers and pathogenically targeted therapy in non-small cell lung cancer

Bo PENG BA , Jinnong ZHANG MD , Jamile S. WOODS MD , Wei PENG MD, PhD

期刊论文

chemotherapy versus adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy after radical surgery for early-stage cervical cancer: a randomized, non-inferiority, multicenter trial

期刊论文

超声血流的无创伤检测和医学信号的特征提取

王威琪,汪源源,余建国,吴晓峰,刘斌,张羽,陈斯中,仪艳华,邵谦明

期刊论文

Dynamics analysis of bladder-urethra system based on CFD

Qinghua JIN, Xiaojun ZHANG, Xiaoyang LI, Jianliu WANG,

期刊论文

The clinicopathologic features of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas

QIN Xinyu, LIU Fenglin

期刊论文

Expression of Syk in non-small cell lung cancer and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters

Fen LAN, Shengdao XIONG, Weining XIONG, Guopeng XU, Xiaoxia LU

期刊论文

肺动脉压无创伤估测系统及其应用价值研究

王威琪,陈树宝,汪源源,刘斌,张玉奇,余建国,孙锟,陈斯中

期刊论文